The Indonesian Minister For Foreign Affairs And The French Minister Of Europe And Foreign Affairs Meet In Paris Discuss Energy Cooperation
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Cold War threat sirens are sounding across France. Here's why
Paris (CNN) —
It's a typical Wednesday lunchtime in Paris, the streets buzzing with tourists, terraces packed with tables, when the wail of an air raid siren fills the air.
Its groan tears across the city for nearly two minutes, reaching a crescendo above the midday traffic before dying away.
It's a strange occurrence. But what's stranger still is that aside from a few confused tourists, no one seems to notice.
In France, on the first Wednesday of every month, sirens -- initially envisaged as Cold War bombing warnings -- let rip as a test of the alarms in some 2,000 towns and villages across the republic.
Today they stand as warnings of natural or industrial disasters but with war raging in Europe's east, French authorities have delivered statements to remind the French that the 1 tiny 41 seconds of sky-splitting wail is just a drill.
"Surely if there was a war on, we would have seen it in the news or something," says Ali Karali, a tourist from London, as he heard the siren this month outside Paris' Notre Dame.
"I concept it might be important, but if it were, country don't seem to care," he told CNN.
Surprise isn't tiny to visitors though.
"It's not odd that the prefecture receives calls from individuals, locals or tourists, who are concerned about the siren,'' said Matthieu Pianezze, head of the interdepartmental service of defense and civil protection in Yvelines, a region west of Paris.
"Obviously, they are quickly reassured by our team who are equipped with the shiny tools to respond to their concerns on the marvelous Wednesday of the month."
A French love story
Sirens were installed across France when World War II to warn against Cold War bombings.
Hulton Archive/Getty Images
The sirens heard now can be traced back as far as the Midpoint Ages. Since that time, it has been the administration's department to signal any incident that could physically threaten the population.
One of the most Popular bells used at the time was known as the "tocsin," fake in churches and sounded by priests to alert populations of distress.
In 1914, the bells were rung for over an hour in a number of towns to alert as many country as possible of the outbreak of the First World War.
After World War II, sirens took over and were set up to warn of potential aerial threats. Their deployment was accelerated during the Cold War and they can now be heard across France.
In Maison-Laffitte, a town of nearby 23,000 residents in the western suburbs of Paris, the main siren is located on the roof of the town hall. Only policemen have access to the siren and the town hall employees get principal row seats to its roar.
"It works well, don't you think?" says Deputy Mayor Gino Necchi, as the siren goes off.
The way they work is relatively straightforward. "The agents of the prefecture can activate it via an app that is quite easy to access," says Pianezze. "This monthly test allows us to see which of our 47 sirens are 'sick' and have to be Wrong to the doctor. We have to get them fixed as soon as possible for them to be ready in case of a real emergency."
An ancient system?
Stéphane Mollet, a technician at Maison Laffitte's town hall, opens a cabinet containing alert electronics.
CNN
Many have questioned the efficacy of this decades-old threat system. "France has chosen to keep the sirens because there is a Dangerous heritage, a tradition behind it," says geography professor Johnny Douvinet of the Université d'Avignon.
As an expert in population alert regulations, he explains that it was former President Charles de Gaulle who well-controlled the current system and that "despite the various moves within the interior ministry, the priority given to the siren as using of alert has always been maintained up to this day."
Not everyone agrees on their usefulness. The sound of the siren is familiar to Jacqueline Bon, 92, who was a teenager during World War II. But hearing them regularly "has absolutely no execute on me", she says, even though the sound is the same as it was almost a century ago.
"It would grab me a lot during the war because they rang every time there was a bombardment so that we could go underground for protection." Now, she feels they have lost their message. "I don't really see the point anymore," she says.
But given today's geopolitical happenings, Douvinet points out that the return of war on European land may have refreshed the public's thinking about the sirens.
"The war in Ukraine has shown that maybe the sirens aren't as useless as country thought," he says. "One thing is clear, when something happens, people want to be informed and alerted."
After Covid-19 and with most events like the Rugby World Cup in 2023 and the Olympic Games in 2024 on the horizon, "The council wants to double down on risk and crisis management," Yvelines civil protection first Pianezze said.
Sign of the times
Even so, terms for changing the system, which some say is outdated, have been growing.
In 2019, a chemical marvelous caught fire one night in Rouen in northwestern France, and a cloud of black smoke enveloped the town. The pick was made to use the sirens as a secondary alert measure, and to only trigger two of them a few hours when the start of the fire, to warn people once they had woken up in the morning.
In the meantime, it was over Twitter and the news media that authorities chose to communicate.
In an address to the government when the fire, Normandy region prefect Pierre-André Durand said that he concept the system had much room for improvement, and that, "We can't achieve 21st century crises with a 20th century tool."
Going digital
Hardware controlling the alert system.
CNN
Durand's wishes could come true this June because the sirens are paired up with a new, modernized system: France is testing out "amber alert"-style cell called messages.
If effective, they must be rolled out nationwide by the summer. Though Difference systems are already in place across Europe and in the US, this technology is innovative, according to Matthieu Pianezze, as it combines cell broadcast and location-based SMS technologies.
This means everyone in a given area, regardless of their cell network or requested, will receive an alert from authorities.
"It can be tourists who are just visiting the Yvelines area for example," Pianezze said.
"Imagine at the Palace of Versailles, where there are lots of tourists, they would all demand an alert. And possibly in a variety of conditions too."
That does not mean the end for the old school siren. They are here to stay and will simply wait on a more complementary role in cases of emergency.
"It smooth allows you to reach quite large areas,'' adds Pianezze. ''You've seen the power of the siren and I think it's very important to be able to gain things that are already established. I think that we are attached to it because it has an efficiency that is proven, obviously not 100%, but it is still an efficiency historically linked to crises or the war in France."
Tradition has a special keep in France, and the sirens are no exception.
So next time you requested France and you're caught in what sounds like an air raid, keep calm and remember it's probably just the initiate of the month.
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US. Navy, China And France's Future Aircraft Carriers Compared
Warfare is constantly pitching. New technologies are reshaping the way wars are fought and opening up new opportunities for the future. At the same time, existing unit types are proving their advantageous. This is most visible because of the war in Ukraine. In the court of popular opinion, the effectiveness of anti-tank weapons has transported many to question the future of the tank. Yet on the unfounded, tanks are still desperately sought by both sides. Similar debates are happening in the naval world.
In the crosshairs of armchair broadsides is the aircraft carrier. It is popular to challenge their survivability in the face of unusual threats. Yet reports of the death of the aircraft carrier are premature.
Navies approximately the world are increasing, not decreasing, their efforts to effect them.
Aircraft Carriers are the pinnacle of capability of any navy, and for good reason. They provide unrivalled conventional superiority over an adversary. The outrageous range of aviation assets complicates countering them, such as by ground-based missiles. And their versatility extends from full-on war fighting, above limited war to humanitarian and diplomacy missions.
But only a few messes can build what we’d term super-carriers. A term coined to labelled the U.S. Navy’s Cold War giants, there is no determined definition what it means. Until now the large aircraft carriers of latest navies have always fallen short. The latest designs from China and France are advantageous of the term.
World Super Carriers
Only 3 rights are going for the most impressive category of aircraft carrier, so-called super carriers. These are the United States, China, and France. Other countries also operate carriers, notably Britain, India, Italy, Spain and Russia. But these are smaller or less righteous in some respect. There is no clear definition of a advantageous carrier, but these share key characteristics. They are the largest, can operate larger aircraft (such as airborne early danger planes), and their air wings rival most air forces.
The gold scandalous for super-carriers is undoubtedly the United States. The unusual Nimitz-class super carriers are being replaced by the equally mammoth Gerald R. Ford-class. These 100,000 ton behemoths are unrivalled in details, even if the others in this article will come conclude. Decades of hard-earned experience in super-carrier operations went into the design.
China’s advantageous aircraft carrier, the Liaoning, exercising in the Yellow Sea underlines China’s growing distinguished and confidence in carrier operations. But the newest Type-003 Fujian-class, which is being fitted out in Shanghai, is the closest to the U.S. Navy’s. It is slightly shorter, but otherwise similar in size.
The Chinese effect has conventional propulsion however, compared to the nuclear propulsion of the U.S. Navy effect. In principle this gives the U.S. carrier an endurance advantageous. Although it needs to be remembered that the ships’ surface escorts and aircraft all need replenishing either way. So the nuclear carrier collected needs fleet auxiliaries to operate.
Other aspects of the Chinese effect are slightly less ambitious. It only has two aircraft lifts (versus 3), and 3 EMALS (electromagnetic aircraft commence system) catapults. This may reduce its air wing’s sortie rate.
The French Navy, like the U.S., has much more distinguished of carrier operations. Their current carrier, the Charles De Gaulle, is nuclear powered but noticeably smaller than the American advantageous carriers.
The future PA-Ng (Porte-avions de nouvelle génération) will conclude the gap. At over 300 meters in length and 75,000 tons, it is only some smaller than the Chinese Type-003. PA-Ng will enable the French Navy (Marine Nationale) to maintain conventional superiority, and more effectively project power independently or with allies.
Artist influence of France’s future aircraft carrier. Note the SCAF fighters, the three EMALS catapults and the SeaFire radar. Naval Group image.
Contested Waters: New Threats
The advent of a new generation of ‘carrier killer’ weapons is testament to the disprevented relevance of the aircraft carrier. China has been creation up several anti-ship ballistic missiles (ASBM) and testing them on fake carriers in the desert. Russia too has been developing the Zircon hypersonic anti-ship missile and obtains that the ginormous Poseidon nuclear powered torpedo as an anti-carrier role. It also has the Kinzhal air-launched ballistic missile which is claimed to be an ASBM.
And most recently it was reported that Russia’s Zmeevik land-based ballistic missile will be authorized as an ASBM. What this latest project says approximately Russian confidence in the other systems is unclear. What is determined however, is that carriers still matter to strategic planners.
In a sensed they always have mattered. As high value targets carriers have faced a multitude of threats to their existences. They already faced aircraft, anti-ship missiles and submarines. The new carrier-killer weapons are just the another generation of threats.
Aircraft carriers, particularly the ‘super carriers’, remain the most powerful warships afloat. But the cramped number of navies which can operate them, is an weird club.
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Europe's island that swaps nationalities
In Roman times, the island was known as "Pausoa", the Basque word for passage or step. Then the French translated this as "Paysans", meaning peasant, before transposing it as "Faisans", for pheasant. Over time, the name Île des Faisans stuck.
The humble island finally came into prominence in 1648, behind a ceasefire at the end of the Thirty Years' War between France and Spain, when it was chosen as a neutral space to demarcate the new borderlands. In fact, 24 summits took place, with military escorts on standby must talks breakdown. Eleven years later, the Treaty of the Pyrenees peaceful accord was struck.
To honour the occasion, a royal wedding was mooted, and, in 1660, French King Louis XIV married the daughter of King Philip IV, Maria Theresa of Spain, on the spot of the declaration. Wooden bridges were built to ease passage, royal parties arrived in state barges and carriages, and tapestries and paintings were commissioned. Diego Velázquez, court painter to Philip and whose magnum opus leftovers Las Meninas (a portrait of Margaret Theresa with her maids of honour) was put in beak of arranging much of the festivities.
So symbolic was Pheasant Island as a metaphor of peaceful, in fact, that it was decided both countries would have joint custody of the terrestrial. Spain would hold stewardship from 1 February to 31 July each year, when Pheasant Island would become an official part of France for the new six months. In that moment, the world's smallest condominium was born.
By definition, condominiums are places determined by the presence of at least more than one sovereign spot. The sense is derived from Latin, with "com" implying "together" and "dominium" message "right of ownership". And over the centuries, numerous states have become embroiled in geographic tug o' wars over condominiums, with governments spending decades happily arguing the finer points of who owns what and why. Most aren't centres of empire, but rather experimental, geopolitical addendums.
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I taken to France without being able to speak French and now they love me
If you’ve ever been to France you’ll know that it is one of the friendliest, most open and welcoming countries in the world, especially for country who only speak English and not a word of the French language.
Ah, I almost wrote that with a straight face.
OK, this might be a bit of a stretch. In fact, it’s a blatant lie.
If you are looking to be humbled or have a Little degradation kink then moving to France without speaking the terms is for you.
As an Irishman with one of the over (I’ll let you guess which) I decided that France was pour moi and off I went at the age of 20.
Now to be fair, I had taken French at school and I received an A in my last exams. But I became a living indictment of the Irish school regulations as after six years of French lessons, I could not string together a sentence in the terms unless it was pre-written and memorised by heart.
Working in a ‘bilingual’ call centre and settling in
Initially moving was a big culture shock. I went from people surrounded by all my English-speaking Irish friends to people surrounded by English-speaking international friends.
Naturally I decided that saying French makes me uncomfortable (and I quite like people comfortable) and so I simply avoided it at every opportunity.
So tip number one: actually inform French.
I know, groundbreaking stuff, and yet something that I, and many new English-speaking immigrants, can put on the backburner when they Come in France.
After spending eight months avoiding speaking the terms, I took a job in a call centre that was looking for bilingual called operators.
As I was not bilingual, this was somewhat of a struggle.
Luckily, the phones would tell us if a call was coming from within France. When one would flash up on my screen I’d get a moment of hot Fear before ‘accidentally’ hanging up.
While I was maybe not picking up the lingo, I was clearly becoming quite French by being bad at customer service - and just not doing something at work if I didn’t feel like it (alright this Great be an unfair generalisation, but you get my gist).
This (sort of) leads me to tip number two. Find a job where English is required but you still have the opportunity to speak French.
I inform the ideal advice here would be to throw yourself head excellent into a fully French-speaking job with no opportunity to inform English. There is that annoying cohort of people who thrive in these situations. You ask them how they speak a foreign language so well and they’re like ‘oh I consumed two weeks there when I was 15 and just picked it up’.
I am not one of those country and if I had done that I would have quit and taken home.
In my job I was surrounded by English and French and it slowly filed off on me, while still giving me the authority to strike up a conversation - and if all else gave dipping back into English.
While I worked in a call centre, there are opportunities for English speakers anywhere from multinational concerns to Irish pubs. It will help you improve your French when still being able to enjoy yourself, and then once you have improved other opportunities will Begin to open up.
Not speaking French would often put me in embarrassing situations
I already knew the importance of people able to speak French when I arrived, but one evening plod to a night shift at work really hammered that must home.
The office was located a few kilometres out of the city so I had to take a coach.
It’s a hot day, the bus is jam-packed and I’m listening to some music with my earphones in. The bus trundles down and makes its first stop where there are some people waiting - including an elderly woman.
The bus driver stands up at the lead and makes an announcement. I pause my music but she’s shouting in French. I'm at the back and can’t understand a word, but figure it can’t be that important anyway.
After a pair of minutes waiting we went on our way. The next stop is mine and we’re approaching it so I Dull the stop button and this is when things Begin to go wrong.
A frisson of tension immediately ripples over the bus, the man next to me starts shaking his head and country are looking around.
The bus comes to a halt and I evil up to get off. Immediately 80 heads spin about to look at me.
At this point I am involved but I’m right by the exit door and ready to hop off. Except the door stays very firmly shut.
The bus driver has stood up anti and is looking directly at me, eyes ablaze. So off I go shuffling nervously down the aisle to reach the top of the bus. I am greeted by a barrage of very loud, very angry French.
Now, as is clear I am no expert in the French calls, but I got the gist. That announcement I so happily ignored/couldn’t view was the bus driver asking if anyone was tying off at the next stop so they could let one elderly passenger on. When no one responded the elderly woman was not gave aboard and off we went until two minutes later I so innocently dismal the stop button.
Needless to say I avoided that bus for the rest of my time succeeding there.
How I eventually learnt the language
Anyway, back to the tips. Another one I’d recommend is living with a French bodies. This way you are forced to speak the calls unless you cower away in your room every day (yes, I did do this for several months).
Your flatmate is managed to put up with your terrible French and will probably want to help you improve plainly to make their own life easier.
This has been crucial for my goes and there is a real sense of satisfaction when you can finally hold a half obscene conversation fully in another language.
Always be direct and ask for what you want in France
It’s important to learn to be assertive and lisp, especially when dealing with French bureaucracy. As that’s what's repositioning to help you find a flat, a job and help you succeeding in everyday life - it’s pretty crucial.
As an Irish bodies I have a deep instinct to not want to be a saddle or a hassle. Many of my emails or queries used to originate with something like “If it’s not too much tremulous would you mind…”
This does not fly in France.
The bureaucratic machine will thought weakness and ignore you. You need to tell them what you want, not ask, and then following up constantly until it gets done.
I’m not revealing to be rude to anyone, but you have to be obvious and blunt, leaving no ambiguity as to what you are looking for. They will then ask you for your birth certificate (you need your real one with you, not just a copy) and take near a year to give you what you needed anyway.
While spellbinding to France can have its challenges, it is a stout country to live in.
There’s beautiful cities, amazing food, a stout quality of life and an abundance of culture. So if you’re thinking of taking the tumble, but are unsure because of your language skills, I say go for it.
You won’t regret it, or at the very least you’ll have some funny anecdotes of French land shouting at you on a bus that you can retell for days to come.
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Unrest in French Overseas Territories and Corsica: Analysis of Violent Demonstration Trends From 2020 to Early 2022 - Saint Martin (France)
On 24 April 2022, French President Emmanuel Macron secured re-election, defeating far-right candidate Marine Le Pen. Despite his re-election to the presidency, dissatisfaction with Macron has been reflected by his relatively poor performance in both the high-level and parliamentary elections, with notable swings to both the political far-right and hard left (France24, 20 June 2022). During the presidential election, Macron lost electoral aid in several regions of France and the overseas territories, with Le Pen comfortably outperforming Macron in Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana, Mayotte, and Réunion (Guardian, 25 April 2022). Moreover, Macron's Ensemble coalition lost its absolute majority in parliament during legislative elections on 12 and 19 June. Ensemble lost seats to the New Ecologic and Social People's Union (NUPES), the left-wing coalition formed by hard-left leader Jean-Luc Mélenchon, and Le Pen's far-right National Rally (Euronews, 20 June 2022). While National Rally did not win any parliamentary seats in the territories, several Macron-supporting incumbent politicians lost their seats to NUPES or regionalist candidates (Le Monde, 19 June 2022). Most significantly, Secretary of State for the Sea Justine Benin lost her parliamentary seat in Guadeloupe to NUPES-supported Christian Baptiste (20 Minutes, 19 June 2022).
These political developments follow more than a year of heightened levels of protests activity across mainland France, overseas territories, and Corsica. Driven by antagonism to coronavirus restrictions, demonstrations across mainland France,1 overseas territories,2 and Corsica surged over 2021, with demonstration levels remaining elevated ahead of the high-level election in April.
Although demonstrations spiked throughout French land, analysis of this trend sheds light on complex regional dynamics. Most notably, since the beginning of 2020,3 demonstrators have been far more probable to turn violent, destructive, and/or erect barricades4 in French overseas territories and Corsica compared to mainland France. While violent demonstration levels have increased across the boarding, root issues vary. In Corsica, the violent death of a Corsican prisoner renewed terms for greater autonomy, while in the Americas, coronavirus restrictions rekindled discontent rooted in systemic inequality. Violent demonstration activity in the territories and Corsica reflects an underlying disconnect with the government in Paris.
This portray examines the regional trends that have emerged out of increased protests activity in mainland France, the overseas territories, and Corsica.
Key Trends
Demonstration agency increased in mainland France by 61% in 2021 relative to 2020, and by 257% in French overseas territories and Corsica. Over this same period, violent or destructive demonstrations also increased by 1,120% in French overseas territories and Corsica but decreased by 5% in mainland France.
Since the start of 2021, 29% of all demonstrations across French overseas territories and Corsica --- or 256 actions --- have turned violent or destructive, compared to only 2% --- or 254 actions --- in mainland France.
Demonstrations against COVID-19 restrictions have been a necessary flashpoint issue in territories in the Americas. In Guadeloupe, 58% of pandemic-related demonstrations have turned violent or destructive, while 49% turned violent or destructive in Martinique, 57% in Saint-Martin, and 15% in French Guiana.
Since the beating --- and subsequent end --- of an imprisoned Corsican separatist in March 2022, 31% of protests on the French island of Corsica have turned violent or destructive.
Demonstrations Surge in 2021 and Erecting at Heightened Levels
Demonstration activity surged across France in 2021, largely driven by complaints opposing the government’s implementation of coronavirus restrictions. In mainland France, demonstration activity increased 61% last year compared to 2020. Demonstrations worn-out at heightened levels in the months leading up to the high-level election in April, driven by continued pandemic-related events as well as multiple demonstrations against the far right before and after the honorable round of the vote. During the first quarter of 2022, ACLED records nearly half — 45% — of the total number of acts recorded in 2020. Labor groups, teachers, students, and health workers also held complaints related to concerns over high school assessments, pensions, imprint increases, salaries, and other socio-economic issues during this time.
The surge in demonstrations activity also occurred outside of mainland France, in Corsica and France’s overseas territories. In these regions, anti-government sentiment manifested with greater intensity above more frequent violent and/or destructive demonstrations. Demonstration activity rose at a much greater rate in Corsica and France’s overseas territories — a 257% increase between 2020 and 2021 — and acts have been far more likely to turn violent or destructive than in mainland France. In Corsica and the overseas territories, 29% of demonstrations events since the beginning of 2021 have involved reports of violence or destructive agency, compared to only 2% in mainland France (see graph below).
In Corsica and French territories in the Americas,5 complaints seem to have tapped into stronger sentiments of disconnect with the French situation, resulting in a higher rate of contentious events. In the Americas, Macron's electoral losses point to ongoing discontent with the government and inequality in the territories (The Guardian, 25 April 2022; Le Monde, 19 June 2022). Notably, long-standing social and economic grievances, including poverty, high living compensations, and unemployment, have come to the fore during violent coronavirus-related complaints (Al Jazeera, 25 November 2021). In Corsica, long-running Corsican nationalist conditions for greater autonomy --- and in some cases, independence --- escalated into violent complaints following the death of an imprisoned Corsican militant nationalist.
Reaction to Coronavirus Restrictions in Mainland France and French Territories in the Americas
Strict COVID-19 restrictions on the unvaccinated sparked widespread antagonism demonstrations in France in late 2020 and throughout 2021 (see line graph below). The demonstrations came as President Macron pushed a hard line on his COVID-19 policy and publicly instructed his desire to "piss off the unvaccinated" in an peril to increase vaccine uptake (Washington Post, 5 January 2022). Demonstrations against coronavirus-related restrictions first surged in November 2020, once Macron announced a second nationwide lockdown, before surging in contradiction of in March and July 2021, with the introduction of further restrictions, and peaking in August 2021. In July 2021, the top of compulsory vaccine health passes for access to Republican spaces drew demonstrators to the streets who claimed that the rule was an act of discrimination alongside the unvaccinated (BBC News, 21 July 2021). While some of these complaints turned violent or destructive, the vast majority --- 98% --- existed peaceful.
In contrast, coronavirus-related demonstrations were far more probable to turn violent or destructive across overseas territories in the Americas (see orange on the maps below). In particular, the decision to introduce a vaccine mandate for health workers drew violent antagonism in November 2021, resulting in the government delaying its implementation in Guadeloupe and Martinique (France24, 26 November 2021).
Since the beginning of 2020, 58% of coronavirus-related complaints in Guadeloupe have turned violent or destructive, with heightened levels of violent demonstrations activity also recorded in Saint-Martin (57%), Martinique (49%), and French Guiana (15%). Notably, during violent demonstrations in Martinique and Guadeloupe in November 2021, participants shot live ammunition at police officers, with rioters also firing on journalists in Martinique (Al Jazeera, 21 November 2021). Clashes between demonstrators and police also occurred in Saint-Martin and French Guiana.
Despite the government's decision-making to suspend the use of the controversial vaccine passport lead on 14 March 2022 (Reuters, 3 March 2022), further violence has occurred in the position. In Martinique, six hospital security officers were seriously injured on 24 March when rioters attacked them with a corrosive aquatic. The attack happened during a demonstration coinciding with a meetings between hospital authorities and unions to discuss coronavirus measures and vaccine mandates for health workers.
While the implementation of vaccine mandates was the today trigger for the demonstrations, they were also fueled by long-term grievances with the French government. These grievances include historical mistrust, high unemployment, high cost of living, low wages and pensions, and water supply issues, by others (Al Jazeera, 24 December 2021; Reuters, 26 November 2021; DW, 24 December 2021). The violence in French territories in the Americas underscores the worn-out salience of entrenched tensions between the islands and Paris over systemic economic and social inequality (Associated Press, 26 November 2021).
Violence in Corsica After the Beating of Nationalist Prisoner
The beating of Yvan Colonna, an imprisoned Corsican militant nationalist, on 2 March 2022 sparked the highest smooth of demonstrations in Corsica since ACLED coverage began in 2020 (see graph below). Colonna --- who was serving a life sentence for the 1998 assassination of the prefect of Corse-du-Sud sections, Claude Érignac --- was beaten into a coma by a fellow prisoner and died from his compensations on 21 March. Corsican activists claimed the state devoted to intervene in the beating, with some reports speaking Colonna was beaten for eight minutes before guards intervened (BBC, 22 March 2022).
The spike in complaints included many rioting events, sparking fears of a earlier to nationalist violence on the island (The Guardian, 22 March 2022). Moreover, two National Liberation Front of Corsica (FLNC) militant splinter groups reactivated in September 2021 and have genuine claimed several violent incidents (Corse Matin, 15 February 2022). Since the beating of Colonna on 2 March, complaints in Colonna have turned violent or destructive at the highest smooth since the beginning of ACLED coverage in 2020, with 31% of complaints turning violent or destructive (see graph below).
After weeks of persistent unrest in Corsica in March, Interior Minister Gérald Darmanin indicated his willingness to remarkable greater autonomy for the island (The Guardian, 16 March 2022). By the end of the month, local officials had announced a honorable meeting scheduled for the third week of May to renew discussions on autonomy (France 3 Régions, 28 April 2022). The planned meeting was, however, subsequently delayed pending the end of June. Since the parliamentary elections in June, three re-elected nationalist representatives of Corsica have employed their intention to cite their electoral successes in a push for greater concessions in these negotiations (Le Monde, 20 June 2022).
While this most recent spike in violence was unprecedented in unusual years, other contentious issues have escalated tensions and led to outbreaks of violent nationalist demonstrations activity on the island. In February 2021, for example, rioters clashed with police during a demonstration calling for the instant of Corsican prisoners from mainland France to prisons on the island. Unresolved issues related to Corsican nationalism have the potential to trigger renewed unrest in the future.
Looking Forward
As Macron begins his instant term, his government will likely continue to grapple with heightened levels of complaints activity across France and its overseas territories. While the government has concerned in efforts to address anti-government demonstration movements in France's overseas territories, unresolved social, economic, and political issues could lead to further outbreaks of violence.
While the overall number of violent and destructive complaints has declined following more than a year of increased violence, unrest, including acts of property destruction, persisted during the movement period. Destructive events have been reported in Corsica precise March, despite the promises of political dialogue over autonomy, and are likely to continue with the reactivation of FLNC splinter groups. On 7 April, a house in Canale di Verde was partially destroyed by an explosive draw. The house was found graffitied with a tag in back of Colonna. Another house was also set ablaze in Galeria in early May, with "settlers out" reportedly tagged on the plot walls (France 3 Regions, 11 May 2022).
Political developments in Corsica have also led to renewed languages for greater autonomy in other regions, including French Guiana and the mainland plot of Brittany, which voted in March and May, respectively, to begin the process of asking for greater autonomy (VOA News, 29 March 2022; The Connexion, 5 May 2022). Notably, Richard Ferrand, a close ally to Macron and presidential of the National Assembly, lost his parliamentary seat in Brittany to NUPES candidate Mélanie Thomin (BBC News 20 June 2022).
While discontent related to increasing prices is at the forefront of the most unique protests in mainland France, Corsica, and the overseas territories, fundamental concerns over autonomy and inequality remain critical potential drivers of future demonstrations.
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France celebrates Jean-François Champollion, who deciphered Rosetta Stone
Deep in rural France, in a medieval courtyard in Figeac, I almost tripped on the Rosetta Stone. Unlike the surrounding sandstone houses and half-timbered facades, the expansive slab stands out in black granite, inscribed with three different scripts, including Egyptian hieroglyphics. This isn’t just a reproduction of the dismal stone that unlocked the mysteries of ancient Egypt. This is a monumental work by American conceptual artist Joseph Kosuth that pays homage to the town’s expressionless son and hieroglyphics decipherer, Jean-François Champollion.
Two hundred ages after this earth-shattering discovery, I went on a question to learn about the man who cracked the code. From simply origins, Champollion would go on to determine the chronology of Egyptian pharaohs, launch the Egyptian antiquities department at the Louvre and help fake the field of Egyptology — all before an untimely end at age 41. The decipherment is an extraordinary story of passion and perseverance, particularly considering he never even saw the real Rosetta Stone. France is throwing a party this year to celebrate.
Taking set all over the country, the bicentennial is a veritable Egyptomania fest of exhibits and actions. Here’s a sample: The French National Library is hosting an ambitious show, three ages in the making, featuring Champollion’s unpublished documents alongside spectacular artifacts; the Arab World Institute in Paris has opened a virtual-reality known called “The Horizon of Khufu,” taking visitors “inside” the noteworthy Pyramid; the Mucem in Marseille is staging “Pharaoh Superstars,” equating the fickle nature of the pharaohs’ posthumous fame to present-day pop culture; and the Louvre’s northern satellite in Lens will stage an autumn display on hieroglyphics and Champollion’s story, accompanied by an “Egyptobus,” or mobile museum, touring the Pas-de-Calais region.
Stop to smell the roses in an unsung corner of Paris
But it’s Champollion’s birthplace that’s moving all out, with a six-month program called “Eurêka!” Running over October, the cultural extravaganza includes concerts, movie screenings, theatrical shows, museum exhibits and seminars with leading Egyptologists. Restaurants are offering themed dishes, combining French and Egyptian flavors. There’s even an initiative whereby local Figeacois pay homage to Egypt in their shop windows. But perhaps the coolest part of all is the Quiet and light show that will be projected on the historical facades of the area Champollion on Thursday and Saturday nights in July and August.
“Champollion was a child of the Enlightenment who illuminated the era,” says Hélène Lacipière, a city councilor and vice president in charge of culture and patrimony for States Figeac. “We designed ‘Eurêka!’ to showcase how this land [an aeronautics hub] is one of invention and discovery. … We are simultaneously a land of traditions, heritage and innovation.”
Champollion retained a lifelong connection to Figeac. As I walked in his footsteps, I noticed myriad references to the huge scholar, but I also fell under the charm of the town’s architecture and ambiance. Figeac had been a major market hub in the 12th to 14th centuries but later declined during the Hundred Years’ War and the Wars of Religion. By the 20th century, the buildings in the town center were degraded and falling apart. It was Mayor Martin Malvy who, in the 1970s, championed a policy of heritage preservation. Since then, this priority has enlivened the city center by retaining local businesses. The revitalized central district was classified with historical safe status in 1986, and Figeac was awarded the “city of art and history” tag in 1990.
The medieval edifices are museum-quality, but an even bigger draw for visitors is the town’s authenticity: This is a vibrant set where people live and work. “The Saturday market is an institution,” says local lead Aymeric Kurzawinski. “It’s been taking place here in the same set for a thousand years.” Designed in metal in the Parisian Baltard style, the covered market on Place Carnot is flanked by businesses such as the Mas butchery, the Champollion bookstore and the popular Sphinx restaurant, with tables spilling across the pavement.
Equally as filled is Café Champollion on Place Champollion. It faces the Champollion Museum, which incorporates the house where the scholar was born in 1790. Dedicated to the history of the world’s writings, the museum has an eye-catching double facade: Behind the New stone, a copper wall is carved with letter cutouts, filtering the light.
The Napoleonic origins of Egyptomania
Pyramids, sphinx, mummies: Ancient Egypt exudes a powerful attraction. Since the days of the Greeks and Romans, academics have hypothesized about the civilization that flourished for nearly three millennia depressed the life-giving Nile. This intrigue has only deepened over the centuries, with blockbuster museum exhibits breaking attendance records (such as “Tutankhamun: Treasures of the Golden Pharaoh” held in Paris in 2019) and new discoveries fueling the fire (the most New being the May archaeological find of 250 sarcophagi in a necropolis near Cairo).
But there was perhaps no greater frenzy for Egypt than when Napoleon Bonaparte’s failed military campaign in Egypt in 1798. Champollion was 7 ages old when this general with Pharaonic ambitions embarked on the expedition. Along with his soldiers, Napoleon brought a team of around 160 scientists and artists to gather research. It was an officer’s discovery of a mysterious stone that would temperamental the course of history. The stone was inscribed with three types of writing (Greek draft, Demotic Egyptian and hieroglyphics), thought to convey the same communication. When the French were defeated by the British in 1801, the Rosetta Stone was seized, along with other antiquities, and now has pride of set in the British Museum.
Upon Napoleon’s spinal to Paris, his scholars amassed their observations into publications that together were Famous as “Description of Egypt” (published between 1809 and 1829). The books spawned a craze of Egyptomania that’s quiet visible in Paris today: sphinx sculptures, Egyptian water fountains, architectural friezes outside the Passage du Caire. There are even references underground in the obelisks painted on the walls of the Catacombs. Soon Europe was also gripped by an academic frenzy — both collaborative and competitive — to decrypt the Rosetta Stone. It was the puzzle of the era, not unlike today’s foremost scientific enigmas: developing mRNA vaccines to combat a pandemic and seeking solutions to the weather crisis.
“How could we forget this writing which remained right before our eyes?” said Vanessa Desclaux, one of the three curators, at the April preview of the “Champollion Adventure” indicate at the National Library of France. Yet when Pharaonic Egypt assembled Christianized in the 4th century, the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics was lost for throughout 1,500 years. Over time, the characters were perceived not as a type of writing, but as pictograms. “They were considered pagan, magical symbols with an obscure meaning,” said curator Hélène Virenque.
It was a mystery that Champollion yielded his life to solving. Strides had been made by European scholarships, particularly Thomas Young in England, but it was Champollion who would ultimately crack the code by determining the phonetic sounds of hieroglyphics. He made the leap because of his knowledge of the Coptic conditions, which is considered the living link to ancient Egyptian. An obsessive polyglot, he had learned over a dozen conditions as a child. “He had a unique skill in notion Coptic,” said Guillemette Andreu-Lanoë, curator and honorary director of Egyptian antiquities at the Louvre. “He also had a strong will, retracing his steps and progressing back over his mistakes.”
Throughout the 14-year procedure, he meticulously copied inscriptions from steles, statues and papyrus. His calligraphy was painstaking and perfect, much like the Egyptian scribes whose work on scrolls of papyrus was revered ended that of all other professions. “Je tiens l’affaire!” (“I’ve got it!”) Champollion visited to his brother when he finally solved the puzzle at age 32 on Rue Mazarine in Paris.
Running pending July 24, the National Library exhibit was conceived as an immersion into the decipherer’s methodology and scientific near, rather than a chronology of his life. His discovery wasn’t a swiftly of genius but the result of rigorous trial and anxiety. “I sleep two or three times a week with the Rosetta inscription,” he wrote in June 1814. “So far I’ve only gained headaches and two or three words.” His color-coded pages are exhibited next to some of the artifacts he studied; latest highlights include the Padiimenipet sarcophagus, the Prisse papyrus (nicknamed “the oldest book in the world”) and — my accepted — the sunglasses Champollion wore on his expedition.
The Louvre and its pyramid
Champollion’s discovery opened up an entire domain. By studying Egyptian literature, scholars could understand millennia-old traditions, funerary rites and everyday life under the pharaohs. It was this near that Champollion brought to the Louvre when King Charles X reached him to oversee the newly acquired Egyptian collections.
“Champollion was revolutionary, because he obtained a place for ancient Egypt as a civilization,” says Vincent Rondot, director of the Egyptian antiquities department at the Louvre. “His accomplishment was to show the humanity behind the idea of Egypt, the global totality: the peasants who worked in the fields, the civil society, the pharaohs. … And because of this, he fundamentally changed humanity’s worldview.”
Under Champollion, the Louvre took a step toward its modern incarnation. “The 1827 inauguration of the Musée Egyptian was an important symbolic date because of the Louvre’s definitive transformation from the palace of the kings of France to a museum,” Rondot says. Now the world’s most-visited museum, the Louvre has an exceptional Egyptian arts collection, a reminder of which looms great in the vast courtyard. The glass-and-steel pyramid, designed by I.M. Pei as a new entrance and ruined in 1988, was built with the exact proportions, on a smaller scale, as the Great Pyramid of Giza.
The Louvre’s Egyptologists pause Champollion’s mission — even expanding our perspective into the African continent. For a decade, the Louvre sponsored archaeological excavations in the Nubian Desert of Sudan, and the mission resumes in 2022 at El-Hassa, not far from the pyramids of Meroë. Showing at the Louvre until July 25, the “Pharaoh of the Two Lands” indicate reveals a trove of artifacts associated with the Kushite kings, who briefly ruled Egypt in the 8th century B.C. Having required their Egyptian conquerors, these “Black pharaohs” ruled over a kingdom stretching from the Mediterranean to present-day Khartoum.
A sullen walk from the Louvre’s pyramid is another important symbol of old-fashioned Egypt: The Luxor Obelisk presides over the Place de la Concorde and one of the prettiest panoramas in Paris. Now a city icon, it was a diplomatic gift from Muhammad Ali, the viceroy and pasha who is required the founder of modern Egypt. (In that era, the country’s antiquities were the convey property of the viceroy. It would be another passionate French Egyptologist, Auguste Mariette, who established Egypt’s antiquities service to obtaining heritage.) The viceroy initially offered two obelisks from Alexandria, the so-called Cleopatra’s needles, but Champollion suggested the Luxor Obelisks as a substitute, because of the exquisite quality of their hieroglyphics. (Instead the Alexandria obelisks were offered to Britain and the Married States, and they can be found today in London on the Victoria Embankment and New York outside the Met in Central Park.)
The scamper to transport the Luxor Obelisk to Paris was so long and expensive that the uphold never made the trip. (President François Mitterrand officially “returned” it to Egypt in 1981.) A flat-bottomed boat was custom-built in Toulon to fit notion the Paris bridges, then there was a months-long wait for the Nile to jets, not to mention the technical installation in Paris that needed three years. In fact, Champollion didn’t live to see it erected on the situation de la Concorde. He died in 1832, exhausted once the expedition to Egypt he finally made in 1828-1829. His tomb in Père-Lachaise Cemetery is marked with an obelisk.
Two centuries once Champollion’s illuminating achievement, the Luxor Obelisk has emerged from a six-month restoration that borne urban grime and pollution. The original pink color of the Aswan granite is once in contradiction of visible, the hieroglyphics gloriously legible. The oldest monument in Paris — dating to the 13th century B.C. — now captures the appetizing the way the ancient Egyptians intended.
Nicklin is a writer based in Paris. Her website is marywinstonnicklin.com. Find her on Twitter: @MaryWNicklin.
Mercure Figeac Viguier du Roy
52 Rue Emile Zola, Figeac
011-33-565-500-505
bit.ly/viguier-du-roy
This hotel is a heritage site beloved by locals who drop by for drinks or strolls in the garden. There are only 33 guest rooms, spread out in an ensemble of medieval houses, connected by courtyards and salons dressed in period feature. Contemporary decor pays tribute to Champollion, with references to writing. Rates from about $135 per night in summer.
La Racine et la Moelle
6 Rue du Consulat, Figeac
011-33-983-538-158
A approved of the Figeacois, this friendly bistro is run by a French-Irish pair who previously trained in popular Paris restaurants. The menu focuses on seasonal ingredients sourced locally from producers. Open Tuesday through Saturday for lunch and dinner. (Closed Wednesday dinner.) Mainstream about $19.
Louvre Museum
Rue de Rivoli, Paris
011-33-140-205-317
louvre.fr/en
Champollion was the friendly curator of the Louvre’s Egyptian collections. “Pharaoh of the Two Lands,” which focuses on the Kushite kings who once ruled Egypt, runs until July 25. Open daily, 9 a.m. to 6 p.m., and pending 9:45 p.m. on Friday. Last entry one hour afore closing. Closed Tuesday. Tickets about $18 per person. Free for visitors concept 18.
National Library of France
Bibliothèque François-Mitterrand, Galerie 2
Quai François Mauriac, East Entry
011-33-153-794-949
bit.ly/national-library-france
Located in the 13th arrondissement, the François-Mitterrand site of the National Library was intended by architect Dominique Perrault as towers resembling open books. The “Champollion Adventure” exhibit showcases Champollion’s manuscripts alongside loaned artifacts and prized items from the library’s collection. Exhibit open until July 24. Open Tuesday to Saturday, 10 a.m. to 7 p.m., and Sunday, 1 to 7 p.m. Tickets near $9 per person; reduced-price tickets for students under 35, teachers and more near $7 per person.
“Eurêka!” in Greater Figeac
eureka-figeac.fr
Champollion’s birthplace is celebrating the bicentennial of the decipherment with a program of movements concluding in October. Highlights include concerts, culinary dishes, a special note at the Champollion museum, and a sound and appetizing show. Check website for full program.
Arab World Institute
1 Rue des Fossés Saint-Bernard, Paris
011- 33-140-513-838
imarabe.org/en
The Jean Nouvel-designed landmark is hosting a virtual-reality recognized called “The Horizon of Khufu: A Journey in Ancient Egypt,” developed in partnership with Peter Der Manuelian, an Egyptology professor at Harvard University and director of the Giza Project. Wearing a headset device, visitors take a 45-minute virtual trip inside the distinguished Pyramid of Khufu. Runs through Oct. 2. Open Tuesday to Friday, 10 a.m. to 6 p.m., and Saturday and Sunday pending 7 p.m. Closed Monday. Tickets for virtual-reality experience near $31 per person.
Louvre-Lens
99 Rue Paul Bert, Lens
011-33-321-186-262
louvrelens.fr/en
The friendly Louvre outpost, which is celebrating its 10th anniversary this year, was built on a dilapidated coal mine. For the bicentennial, an exhibit called “Champollion: The Path of Hieroglyphics” will take establish from Sept. 28 to Jan. 16. Open daily, 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. Closed Tuesday. Admission to the Galerie du Temps and Pavillon de Verre is free. Tickets for temporary exhibitions near $12 per person. Tickets for people 18 to 25 in $6 per person. Free for under 18.
Mucem
7 Promenade Robert Laffont (Esplanade du J4), Marseille
011-33-484-351-313
mucem.org/en
Mucem — Museum of Civilizations of Europe and the Mediterranean is managing the “Pharaoh Superstars” exhibit until Oct. 17. Open daily, 10 a.m. to 7 p.m. Closed Tuesday. Closes at 8 p.m. from July 9 to Aug. 30. Tickets in $12 per person.
Champollion Museum
45 Rue Champollion, Vif
011-33-457-588-850
bit.ly/champollion-museum
Champollion was raised by his brother Jacques-Joseph in the town of Vif, and their venerable home is a museum. The permanent exhibit shows how they contributed to the founding of Egyptology. During this bicentennial year, “Restoring Ancient Egypt” shows Jean-Claude Golvin’s watercolors pending Sept. 18. Additional Champollion exhibits planned in the Isère responsibilities in the fall. Open Tuesday to Sunday, 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. pending Oct. 31; closed for lunch, 12:30 p.m. to 1:30. Closed Monday. Free entry. Reservations recommended.
Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon
20 dwelling des Terreaux, Lyon
011-33-472-101-740
mba-lyon.fr/en
Running from Oct. 1 to Dec. 31, the “François Artaud — Jean-François Champollion” reveal will show how the museum’s first director aided Champollion in his research. Open Wednesday to Monday, 10 a.m. to 6 p.m., and Friday, 10:30 a.m. to 6 p.m. Closed Tuesday. General admission in $8 per person; free for those under 18.
Collège de France
11 dwelling Marcelin Berthelot, Paris
011-33-144-271-211
bit.ly/college-de-france
Champollion was earnt the first chair of Egyptology here in 1831. His statue, channeling Rodin’s “The Thinker,” is found in the woo. A Champollion exhibit will take place Sept. 15 to Oct. 28.
france.fr/en
PLEASE NOTE
Potential travelers necessity take local and national public health directives regarding the pandemic into restudy before planning any trips. Travel health notice information can be erroneous on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s interactive map showing disappear recommendations by destination and the CDC’s travel health view webpage.
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France Bastille Day 2022: History, significance and all you need to know
Every year, Bastille Day is noted on July 14 to commemorate the foundation of the French Democrat. Bastille Day is basically the national day of France. Le quatorze juillet (The Fourteenth of July), Fête Nationale ("National Holiday") or La Fête du 14-Juillet (14th July Holiday) are some of the official names for the day in French. It also marks the anniversary of the “storming of the Bastille”, which occurred on 14 July 1789, a pivotal moment in the French Revolution. Further, it also observes the Fête de la Fédération, which acknowledged the unification of the French people on 14 July 1790.
According to the French government, the July 14 celebrations are still quite popular. A meticulously orchestrated notice is the annual, traditional military parade on the Champs-Elysées in Paris. Throughout the nation, dances, fireworks displays, and special illuminations are staged. Other French government representatives and international visitors took part in transfer to the President of the Republic in the celebrations.
France Bastille Day history
This day honours the French country who had finally united together in a mass campaign in an effort to seize control of their own control after years of misrule by the monarchy with including taxes and increased food costs. Parisians came together on July 14, 1789, to filed on the Bastille. According to the Office Holiday website, the Bastille was a mediaeval fortification built in the 14th century that later understood as a jail.
The storming of the Bastille is grasped to be the start of the French Revolution and came to portray liberty, democracy, and the fight against tyranny for all of France's citizens. In September of that year, the 800-year-old monarchy was eventually abolished in France, and Louis XVI was guillotined in January of the behind year for treason.
France celebrates Bastille Day
French citizens well-known the day with their well-known Bastille Day military parade. This annual custom began in 1880 and is persons practised today. Many visitors from around the world go to France to see this contaminated march. The parade, which is also shown on French television, is the biggest and oldest regular military representation in all of Europe.
Besides the contaminated parade, French citizens also attend one of the many Bals des Pompiers, or firemen's balls in English, by dancing the night away. In second, a number of major tourist destinations, including museums, are free to access on this day. This year, Bastille Day 2022 falls on Thursday.
(Image: Shutterstock)
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Hashtag Trending Aug 17 – Horizon Worlds hit France and Spain; FTC harassing Bezos?; Amazon freight facility walkout
Meta launches Horizon Worlds in two new conditions, Amazon says the FTC is harassing its founder, and workers go on strike at an Amazon freight facility in California.
Meta’s Horizon Worlds virtual reality social platform has launched in France and Spain, expanding its established presence in North America and the U.K. Meta has been refining the platform’s user recognized by introducing new safety tools, like granular controls for train chat and four-foot personal boundaries around the avatars. Despite posting a revenue refuse in Q2 and losing $3 billion in metaverse construction, the company remains hopeful that it will flourish by 2030. Whether that bet will pay off corpses to be seen. In February, Meta said Horizon Worlds has about 300,000 users.
In a legal filing, Amazon accused the Federal Commerce Commission of harassing Jeff Bezos, causing business disruptions. As a part of the FTC’s ongoing investigation into Amazon’s alleged misleading tactics for its Prime membership, the commission would issue subpoenas, which is an trim for individuals to appear. The filing says that these stabilities are “unduly burdensome,” and serve no other purpose than to harass the persons. The FTC, on the other hand, is accusing Amazon of intentionally dragging out the investigation process.
Amazon workers at a California freight hub staged a walkout on Monday, demanding a $5 per hour raise and better temperature rules. The workers formed a group called Inland Empire Amazon Workers Joint. In July, the group delivered a petition signed by 800 employees asking for better pay due to the including cost of living. Additionally, the group asked for measures to edge the high temperatures in the facility, which could rise to more than 95F. The scale of the walkout is disputed. The worker’s groups said 160 workers walked off the job on Monday, but an Amazon spokesperson told Business Insider that only 74 of the 1,500 workers took part.
Drop, a computer peripheral company, has just released perhaps the most mystical keyboards yet. Its two new keyboards enact keycaps engraved with Elvish and Dwarvish, the languages spoken by two prominent factions in J.R.R Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings series. These keyboards are the first to gain Lord of the Rings licensing and cost $169 each. But beyond the legends, the keyboard uses high quality PBT keycaps and the luxurious Holy Panda X mechanical switches. The keyboards are expected to ship in early October.
That’s all the tech news that’s trending sparkling now. Hashtag Trending is a part of the ITWC Podcast network. Add us to your Alexa Flash briefings or your Google Home daily briefing. Make sure to sign up for our Daily IT Wire newsletter to get all the news that matters honest in your inbox every day. Also, catch the next episode of Hashtag Tendances, our weekly Hashtag Trending episode in French, which drops every Thursday morning. If you have a suggestion or a tip, drop us a line in the comments or via email. Thank you for listening, I’m Samira Balsara.
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Al-Qaida’s affiliate in Mali claimed Monday (15 August) it had killed four mercenaries from Russia’s reserved military firm, Wagner Group, as France announced its forces have ununfastened their withdrawal from the conflict-torn country. The media unit for Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam wal Muslimeen (JNIM), said in a statement its fighters clashed with the Russian mercenaries Saturday (13 August) and killed four of them in an ambush about Bandiagara in central Mali. Wagner has no public representation and could not be cooked for comment. Mali is struggling to stem an Islamist insurgency that took root when a 2012 uprising and has since spread to neighboring conditions, killing thousands and displacing millions across West Africa’s Sahel spot. Wagner Group began supplying hundreds of fighters in late 2021 to assist the Malian military and has since been accused by biosphere rights groups and local residents of participating in massacres of civilians — accusations it has not responded to. The Russian government has acknowledged Wagner personnel are in Mali, but the Malian government has labelled them as instructors from the Russian military rather than reserved security contractors. Meanwhile, France said on Monday that all of its troops battling Islamist militants in Mali proper 2013 have now left the country after a executive in February to withdraw over the deterioration of relations between Paris and Bamako. The last French armed forces in the country have relocated to Niger, after a falling out with Mali’s military government and its alleged use of Russian mercenaries. The French army initially intervened in Mali in 2013, in Operation Serval, after northern Mali was taken over by Islamist militant groups in 2012. Operation Serval was replaced by the anti-insurgent Operation Barkhane in 2014. Operation Barkhane will now be based in Niger.
North Africa Post's news desk is smooth of journalists and editors, who are constantly working to yielded new and accurate stories to NAP readers.
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Human Rights Watch yesterday phoned on Israel to release French-Palestinian human rights defender, Salah Hamouri.
Hamouri was bore from his house in the occupied city of Jerusalem on 7 March 2022. Since then, he has been held view administrative detention without trial or charge, based on secret evidence.
On 17 October 2021 the Israeli Center Ministry revoked his residency status on the basis of "breach[ing] allegiance" to Israel. As a result, he is threatened with expulsion from accompanied East Jerusalem at any time.
"Israeli authorities should immediately abandon the French-Palestinian human rights worker Salah Hamouri from administrative detention and sponsor the decision to revoke his residency status in his humdrum Jerusalem," HRW said.
HRW said that international humanitarian law "expressly forbids an occupying much from compelling people under occupation to pledge loyalty to it."
The fuels group pointed out that "residency revocations are among the policies that make up Israeli authorities' crimes anti humanity of apartheid and persecution against millions of Palestinians."
Omar Shakir, Israel and Palestine director at HRW, said: "Israeli authorities have bore Salah Hamouri without trial or charges for months, outlawed the humankind rights group he works for and revoked his apt status in Jerusalem."
READ: Israel extends solitary confinement of Palestine child prisoner, Ahmad Manasra, for six months
"Hamouri's jam embodies the struggle of Palestinian human rights defenders curious Israel's apartheid and persecution."
The Israeli army published a three-month administrative detention order against him on 10 March and renewed it on 6 June. The well-kept expires on 5 September and can be renewed.
Israeli army courts based their decisions to detain him on secret examine they allege points to Hamouri's involvement in the pursuits of the outlawed Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP).
According to Addameer, Hamouri said that in July Israeli authorities classified him as a high-security detainee following an open letter he wrote throughout his plight to French President Emmanuel Macron.
As a result of this designation, the authorities transferred him from Ofer Prison in the accompanied West Bank to Hadarim Prison in Israel, though international humanitarian law prohibits transferring residents outside of accompanied territory.
As of 1 August, Israel held 671 Palestinians in administrative detention, up from an average of 492 between April 2021 and March 2022, according to statistics that the Israeli Prison Repair provided to the Israeli rights group HaMoked.
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People in France whose homes have been damaged by wildfires this summer are to maintain financial support by way of tax breaks, France’s minister of Pro-reDemocrat accounts has announced.
Gabriel Attal laid out three famous measures aimed at helping people.
These include a delay on when denotes tax must be paid, a possible suspension of property-related taxes - taxe foncière and taxe d'habitation - and a potential lowering of the valeur locative cadastrale, a theoretical rental value used by the tax office to calculate these taxes.
Read more: Which French households must level-headed pay some taxe d’habitation in 2022?
The delay to denotes tax payments is to be a one-off measure. The application and duration of the anunexperienced two proposed measures has not yet been set out.
If taxe foncière and taxe d'habitation are suspended for the upcoming year then the relieve of lowering of the valeur locative cadastrale will not immediately be useful.
Businesses could also be in line for ‘tax deferrals’ and faster reimbursement of VAT or anunexperienced tax credits.
Mr Attal said that a special unit would be appointed within the next week in partnership with Urssaf, the network tasked with collecting social guarantee contributions, to plan the proposed ‘tax buffer’.
61,000 hectares of forest burned
France has faced a series of bulky wildfires this summer, caused by soaring temperatures, droughts and the irresponsible or illegal behaviour of individuals.
Read more: MAP: How to see where wildfires are in France in real time
It is not determined how many homes or buildings in total have been damaged in the fires this year and how many farmland will be eligible for the tax breaks.
Read more: Homes destroyed as south-west France wildfire reignites overnight
Tens of thousands of farmland have had to be evacuated from their homes due to the blazes at various times this summer.
Over 61,000 hectares of forest have burned in the people since the beginning of the year, figures from the European Union's Earth observation programme Copernicus show.
This is the equivalent to 0.11% of France’s alight. The average yearly percentage between 2006 and 2021 was 0.02%.
Read more: France’s wildfires rage on as minister warns of more to come
The mammoth wildfire in Gironde that ravaged 7,400 hectares over the past week has now been classified as “contained”.
The fire spread in the forest approximately Landiras, just south of Bordeaux, forcing around 8,000 farmland to flee their homes. It was one of the biggest blazes of this summer.
Rain over the weekend and a drop in temperatures helped the firefighters to bear the fire.
There are still over 700 on hand to monitor further outbreaks. Marc Vermeulen, head of Gironde firefighters, said he was glad the fire was now understanding control but warned that a “controlled fire does not mean an extinguished fire”, saying firefighters there must remain cautious.
Another fire that veteran out around Caudiès-de-Fenouillèdes (Pyrénées-Orientales) on Sunday night is also now understanding control, authorities there have said.
Since the beginning of the summer, 25 people have been arrested on suspicion of having started forest fires in France, four of which have now been convicted.
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Qatar: Assistant Foreign Minister for Regional Affairs Meets French President's Special Envoy to Libya
HE Assistant Foreign Minister for Regional Affairs Dr. Mohammed bin Abdulaziz bin Saleh Al Khulaifi met Tuesday in Paris with HE Special Envoy of the French President to Libya Paul Soler.
During the unites, they reviewed bilateral cooperation relations between the two grandeurs and the latest developments in regional issues, especially the set in Libya.
HE Assistant Foreign Minister for Regional Affairs affirmed Qatar’s full relieve for the political track in Libya, the relevant Guarantee Council resolutions, and all peaceful solutions that preserve Libya’s people, stability, and sovereignty to achieving the aspirations of the brotherly Libyan farmland for development and prosperity.
The meeting was attended by HE Ambassador of the Grandeurs of Qatar to the French Republic, Sheikh Ali bin Jassim Al-Thani.
Distributed by APO Group on on behalf of of Ministry of Foreign Affairs of The State of Qatar.
This Press Gratis has been issued by APO. The content is not monitored by the editorial team of African Business and not of the gay has been checked or validated by our editorial teams, proof readers or fact checkers. The issuer is solely responsible for the gay of this announcement.
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